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Political Science: Primary Sources

Primary vs Secondary Sources

Primary sources provide direct or firsthand evidence about an event, person, or object. These sources are contemporary to the events and people described. In the context of historical research, primary sources are sources that were created during the specific time period being studied. 

Identifying primary sources

Determining if a source is a primary sources depends on your topic, the time period, and the context. Think who, what, when, where, and why.

Try to think about what your research question is. Who or what are you investigating? What time period? What area?

If the sources is a first hand or direct account about your topic, then it is a primary source!

Common examples of primary sources include:

  • Newspaper articles
  • Interviews
  • Letters
  • Diaries
  • Memoirs and autobiographies
  • Speeches
  • Pictures
  • Official documentation

Secondary sources were produced after primary sources and provide a synthesis or analysis of the original event and original evidence. 

Some examples of secondary sources:

  • Book reviews
  • Textbooks
  • General history books
  • Scholarly articles
  • Literature reviews
  • Biographies

This section adapted from Michigan State University LibGuide: Introduction to History Research at MSU: Primary vs. Secondary Sources.

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Primary Sources